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2024
ACL
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Vasiliy Brusko, Artur Khannanov, Aydar Rakhmatullin, Ayrat M.Dimiev, 'Unraveling the infrared spectrum of graphene oxide', Carbon 229 119507 (2024) doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119507
The applicability of infrared spectroscopy toward graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives is currently very limited, because the exact location of absorbance bands, originated by the main functional groups of GO, in the spectrum is still under debate. This obstacle leads to widespread misinterpretation of FTIR spectra in literature, and to invalid conclusions on attaining target functionalization reactions. In this work, by involving GO in four types of reactions, for the first time, we identify absorbance bands, originated by the main functional groups of GO: epoxides and tertiary alcohols. Also, we identify the bands, associated with carboxyl and carboxylate groups. In addition, we reconfirm the band assignment for absorbed water molecules (1619 cm−1) and covalent sulfates (1221 cm−1 and 1410 cm−1). Finally, we show conditions for appearance, and the exact position of the band of the C=C bond stretch. All together we accurately assign eight previously unidentified or incorrectly assigned absorbance bands in the fingerprint region of the spectrum, plus three bands which appear in the spectra of specific forms of GO. The assignment of the bands is independently confirmed by the 13C SSNMR spectroscopy. Summing up the newly assigned and the re-confirmed bands, for the first time, we report a complete library of the main absorbance bands in the FTIR spectrum of GO and GO derivatives.
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